The most complex interface in motorsport
An F1 steering wheel is the most complex control interface in motorsport. It typically features 25+ buttons, 10+ rotary dials, and an LCD display that shows the driver real-time data about lap times, tyre temperatures, fuel consumption, and energy deployment.
Every element on the wheel has a specific function. The driver must be able to operate all of them while pulling up to 6G in corners, with their heart rate at 170+ beats per minute, and with their eyes fixed on the track ahead.
Key controls
DRS button: Opens the rear wing flap on designated straights when the driver is within one second of the car ahead. In 2026, this has been replaced by Active Aero controls.
ERS buttons: Control the deployment of electrical energy from the battery. Drivers can choose between different deployment modes — attack, overtake, and neutral — depending on the race situation.
Brake bias dial: Adjusts the distribution of braking force between the front and rear axles. Drivers adjust this throughout the race as fuel burns off and tyre conditions change.
Radio button: Opens the communication channel with the race engineer. Every message is heard by millions of viewers, making it one of the most intimate connections in sport.
Pit lane speed limiter: Activates a speed limiter for the pit lane, ensuring the driver does not exceed the 80 km/h limit.
The manufacturing process
Each steering wheel is hand-built by a team of specialist engineers. The carbon fiber casing is CNC-machined, the electronics are hand-soldered, and the software is custom-programmed for each driver's preferences. The entire process takes approximately two weeks and costs over $50,000 per wheel.
Teams typically build 3-4 wheels per driver per season, with spares kept at every race.
The 2026 evolution
In the 2026 era, steering wheels have become even more complex. The Active Aero system adds new controls for wing configuration, and the increased electrical component of the power unit requires more sophisticated energy management displays. Drivers now need to manage more functions than ever before, all while driving at 200 mph.